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Warning: some of the time-scales listed below may conflict with the conventional mainstream scholars' paradigm. This is due, in part, to new archaeological evidence in support of a highly sophisticated mankind pre-Younger Dryas period. ° Note: dates considered out-of-place by Mainstream are indicated. |
- Humans and Neanderthal
- c. 76,000 BCE, the discovery of the child’s burial in Kenya (Panga ya Saidi), is dated to around 78,000 years ago (published in Nature in 2021). This finding represents the earliest known intentional human burial in Africa.
- c. 40,000 BCE, new evidence shows that the Neanderthal genome included harmful mutations, due to inbreeding,[1] that made these hominids 40% less reproductively fit than humans. Neanderthal population sizes remained small, and mating among close relatives was likely very common. The genomic analysis of Sunghir human remains, partly explains why anatomically modern humans were more successful than Neanderthals, who went extinct some 40,000 years ago.[2][3]
- Early societies
- c. 32,000 BCE, evidence for social norms in early development for modern human societies (Sunghir, Russia).[2][3]
- c. 32,000 BCE, evidence for making clothes with flax fibers (Republic of Georgia).[4]
- Younger Dryas period
See Younger Dryas
- c. 14,000 BCE, Mushabian culture thrives in the Levant.
- c. 12,500 BCE, Natufian culture thrives in the Levant (Ancient Egyptian culture of the Nile Valley,[5] share a common genomic component with fossils associated with the early cultures of the Natufian).[6]
- c. 12,000 BCE, construction in progress, below Layer III, at Göbekli Tepe (Date speculated by Klaus Schmidt).[Not in scope of Mainstream]
- c. 10,000 BCE, construction in progress for the Great Sphinx of Giza[7] and likely also for the Great Pyramid of Giza (Date proposed by Robert M. Schoch).[Dating not supported by Mainstream]
- c. 10,000 BCE, underground construction in progress for the Ħal-Saflieni Hypogeum in Malta. (Graham Hancock suggests up to 20,000 years ago[8]).[Neither datings supported by Mainstream]
- b. 9600 BCE, Pre-dynastic period of Sumer thrives (See Sumerian King List).[Dating not acknowledged by Mainstream]
- b. 9600 BCE, Göbekli Tepe ritual activity performed at the elevated spiritual center found in Layer I (Anatolia).
- b. 9600 BCE, the Natufian culture established at pre-Jericho (Levant).
- Great Flood
See Great Flood
- c. 9600 BCE, Younger Dryas impact hypothesis [In current debate] prompting domino effect for abrupt climate change and low-level extinction and/or disappearance of big mammals in North America.[9]
- c. 9360 BCE, Atlantis is destroyed (See Plato's Timaeus and Critias).[Not accepted by Mainstream]
- Lord Brahmâ is swept away by the waters of the "great flood".[10] [Not in scope of Mainstream]
- A man and his family, and possibly others, are preserved by boat (poss. Ziusudra (Utnapishtim), Atra-Hasis, Noah / Nûh, Shraddhadeva Manu, or Deucalion) [Not acknowledged by Mainstream]
- Rebuilding civilization
- c. 8800 BCE, the city of Byblos (Lebanon) is established and dedicated to Cronus (Levant).
- a. 8000 BCE, Göbekli Tepe is mysteriously backfilled where numerous tool/weapon tips such as Byblos-points and Aswad-points were found in the backfill (Aswad-points were used by the Natufian culture).
- c. 8000 BCE, the tower of Jericho is built.
- c. 7500 BCE, the Sahara was tropical and wet (See Neolithic Subpluvial)
- c. 7000 BCE, Mehrgarh settlement near the Indus River valley (Pakistan)
- c. 7000 BCE, Çatalhöyük settlement flourishes (Anatolia).
- c. 6000 BCE, Shulaveri-Shomu culture thrive in the Armenian Highlands of Anatolia.
- c. 5400 BCE, Eridu is resettled (Sumeria).
- c. 5000 BCE, Yangshao culture thrives alongside the Yellow River in China.
- c. 4500 BCE, Canaan culture settles near the Gihon Spring (pre-Jerusalem).
- c. 4000 BCE, Uruk is resettled (Sumeria).
- c. 3800 BCE, Ur is resettled (Sumeria).
- c. 3600 BCE, Egypt is settled along the Nile (See Early Dynastic Period (Egypt))
- c. 3300 BCE, Indus Valley Civilisation settles Harappa (Pakistan).
- c. 3100 BCE, Jushur (poss. Nimrod) establishes rule in Kish, and founds the city/state of Babylon.
- c. 3100 BCE, the First Dynasty of Egypt is established.
- c. 3000 BCE, the Sahara begins to dry out and desertification begins (May explain later conditions for Biblical famines).
- c. 2500 BCE, Phoenicia thrives with Byblos as capital.
- c. 2000 BCE, Abram, his wife Sarai, and their family leave Ur to settle in the land of Canaan.[Not in scope of Mainstream]
- c. 1513 BCE, Israelites migrate from Egypt to re-settle the land of Canaan.[Date not acknowledged by Mainstream]
See also[]
- Archaeological scandals that impact the ancient history of mankind’s timeline.
References[]
- ↑ Nature, https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12886
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 ZME Science, Early modern humans formed complex social networks to avoid inbreeding as early as 34,000 years ago
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Smithsonian, https://insider.si.edu/2015/08/why-did-neanderthals-go-extinct/
- ↑ Harvard, https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2009/09/oldest-known-fibers-discovered/
- ↑ Schuenemann, Verena J., et al. (2017). "Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods". Nature Communications 8: 15694. doi:10.1038/ncomms15694. PMID 28556824.
- ↑ Fregel; et al. (2018). "Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe" (PDF). bioRxiv 191569
- ↑ The Great Sphinx of Egypt (at Giza)
- ↑ Graham Hancock, Facebook post, October 24, 2016
- ↑ UCSB, Nanodiamonds Are Forever, by Julie Cohen, August 28, 2014
- ↑ S'rîmad Bhâgavatam (Bhâgavata Purâna), Canto 8, Chapter 24, text 31-60